Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic disease GERD occurs when stomach regurgitation or, rarely, stomach contents back up into the esophagus. This reflux irritates the lining of the esophagus and causes GERD
Acid reflux and heartburn are common symptoms that many people experience over time. When these signs and symptoms occur at least twice a week and interfere with daily activities or if a doctor sees damage to the esophagus, you may be diagnosed with GERD.
Most people manage GERD with lifestyle changes and medications, although some people need stronger medications or surgery to relieve symptoms.
GERD is caused by frequent acid reflux - the backflow of stomach acid or bile into the esophagus
When you swallow, the lower esophageal sphincter—a group of round muscles in the lower part of the esophagus—relaxes, allowing food and liquid to enter the stomach. Then it closes again
If this sphincter becomes abnormally weak or weak, stomach acid can back up into the esophagus and cause frequent heartburn. Sometimes it can interfere with daily activities
Continuous reflux of acid can irritate the lining of the esophagus and cause its inflammation (esophagitis). Over time, the inflammation can erode the lining and cause complications such as bleeding, narrowing of the esophagus and Barrett's esophagus (a precancerous condition).
Signs and symptoms of GERD include:
- Burning sensation in the chest (heartburn) that sometimes spreads to the throat and causes a sour taste in the mouth.
- chest pain
- difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
- dry cough
- hoarseness or sore throat
- regurgitation of food or acidic liquid
- feeling of lump in throat
This could be a sign of a heart attack
Make an appointment with your doctor if you have frequent or severe GERD symptoms If you are taking heartburn medicine more than twice a week, see your doctor
